๋ณธ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ”๋กœ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ

KOREAN GRAMMAR

[Korean Grammar] V-๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

1. Meaning

์ฒ˜์Œ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„.

An expression used to indicate that a difference between the initial situation and the current situation.

 

# ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด์š”.

1๏ธโƒฃ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ด์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

(์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ž˜ํ•ด์š”.)

 

2๏ธโƒฃ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ๊น€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ชป ๋จน์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ๊น€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋จน๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

(ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ๊น€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ชป ๋จน์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊น€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋จน์–ด์š”.)

 

3๏ธโƒฃ  A : ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€์—ˆ์–ด์š”? 

       B: ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ด ์คฌ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”. 

(๊ณ ํ–ฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๊ท€์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๊ท€์–ด์š”.)

 

4๏ธโƒฃ A : ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์ด ์ข‹์•„์กŒ์–ด์š”.

      B : ์•„๋ฅด๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋งค์ผ ํ•œ๊ตญ๋ง์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

 

 

 

2. Form

โ‘  ๋ฐ›์นจ O, X + -๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

    โžก๏ธ ๋จน๋‹ค → ๋จน๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

    โžก๏ธ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋‹ค → ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

    โžก๏ธ ๋“ฃ๋‹ค → ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

    โžก๏ธ ์•Œ๋‹ค → ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค

 

 

 

3. Restrictions on use

- This form is usually expressed in the past tense because it describes a condition that has already changed.

(์ฒ˜์Œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์™”์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.)

 

- The present or future tense of '-๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‹ค' can be used to speak about well-known facts or generally agreed-upon truths.

(ํ•œ๊ตญ ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ผ์š”. / ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.)

 

- '-์•„/์–ด์ง€๋‹ค' is usually used with adjectives.

(๋‚ ์”จ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ด์กŒ์–ด์š”. / ์•„๊นŒ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํŒ ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•ฝ์„ ๋จน์–ด์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„์กŒ์–ด์š”.) 

 

 

 

4. Examples

1๏ธโƒฃ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์‚ด๋ฉด์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

2๏ธโƒฃ ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

3๏ธโƒฃ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์„œ ํž˜๋“ค์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

4๏ธโƒฃ ์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ž˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.

5๏ธโƒฃ ์ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ชฐ๋ž๋Š”๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์€ ํ›„์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.